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Chemokines are a generic class of pro-inflammatory cytokines which promote chemotaxis. Secreted by
numerous cell types, these proteins are usually induced by cell damage as a result of infection. They
can also be secreted in other pathologies (e.g. cancer), or be used in normal events such as hematopoiesis
and angiogenesis. Chemokines are specific in the types of cells they attract, though each chemokine
can activate multiple receptors and a single receptor can bind multiple chemokines.
Because of the varied effects, Chemokines are grouped predominantly by their amino acid sequence
and historically named for their effect. Each chemokine is also given a classifying number such as
CCL5 (CC chemokines ligand 5 a.k.a. RANTES). There are two major groups of chemokines, cc and cxc
chemokines. The fi rst two cytsteine residues are adjacent in CC chemokines, giving them their name,
whereas these cysteines are separated by a single amino acid in CXC chemokines.
Chemokine profiling is a particularly valuable tool. Expression is a great indicator of a system out of
homeostasis, while the profi le is indicative of the types of cells involved in the immune’s systems response.
These profiles also provide clues to other events like angiogenesis and hematopoiesis.
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Range
(pg/ml) |
LLD (pg/ml) |
Standard*
(pg/ml) |
| Eotaxin |
260 - 4.06 |
1.36 |
260 |
| IP-10 |
2060 - 32.19 |
9.04 |
2060 |
| KC |
350 - 5.47 |
4.08 |
350 |
| MCP-1 |
660 - 10.31 |
1.46 |
660 |
| MDC |
1100 - 17.19 |
2.82 |
1100 |
| MIP-1α |
750 - 11.72 |
1.32 |
750 |
| RANTES |
650 - 10.16 |
1.97 |
650 |
| TARC |
1000 - 15.63 |
4.57 |
1000 |
| TCA-3 |
470 - 7.34 |
4.99 |
470 |
*The concentration of the Antigen Standard when reconstituted with 300 µl.
This will be the concentration of the high point of the standard curve. |
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